Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ectopic thyroid tissue is a developmental disorder and is extraordinarily rare to occur in the central airway. To our knowledge, nearly few reports of primary ectopic thyroid carcinoma in the central airway with a normal eutopic thyroid gland have been published to date. This is the second case about malignant central airway obstruction caused by primary ectopic thyroid carcinoma. CASE PRESENTATION: 65-year-old male was admitted to hospital for coughing accompanied by wheezing that recent exacerbated at night.The chest computed tomography scan revealed a soft tissue-density mass within the central trachea.The mass was removed and pathological analysis showed that it was ectopic thyroid carcinoma surprisingly. The goitrous thyroid gland was found in its expected location. CONCLUSION: Ectopic thyroid carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a pathological mass located in central airway.