Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chlamydia abortus, as a pathogen of atypical pneumonia, is rare in humans, especially in HIV infection patients. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 48-year-old man with a history of HIV infection who started high fever and developed pneumonia. The pathogen-targeted next-generation sequencing (ptNGS) results of bronchial lavage fluid showed Chlamydia abortus infection. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of Chlamydia abortus infection presented as atypical pneumonia in an AIDS patient.