Conclusion
GDF-15 is an independent predictor of CAD and is associated with CAD severity in terms of SYNTAX, SYNTAX II PCI and SYNTAX II CABG scores.
Methods
We enrolled 129 patients undergoing coronary angiography for the evaluation of stable CAD in the study. SYNTAX and SYNTAX II PCI/CABG scores were calculated. The CAD (+) study group was also stratified into two groups (high and low GDF-15) with respect to the mean GDF-15 value. Correlation and regression analyses were performed for further evaluation.
Purpose
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily and is faintly expressed under healthy conditions. GDF-15 is markedly elevated in a variety of diseases, including coronary artery disease (CAD), atrial fibrillation and heart failure. Here, we aimed to investigate the association of GDF-15 with the extent and severity of CAD in patients with stable CAD.
Results
Of the 129 patients, 75 had CAD. GDF-15 values were higher in the CAD (+) group (p < 0.001). The two groups were compared according to a cut-off value of 2451.77. SYNTAX and SYNTAX II PCI/CABG scores were significantly associated with the high GDF-15 group (p < 0.001). Additionally, correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between GDF-15 and SYNTAX (r: 0.859, p < 0.001), SYNTAX II PCI (r: 0.921, p < 0.001) and SYNTAX II CABG (r: 0.874, p < 0.001) scores. Multivariate analysis identified GDF-15 as an independent predictor of CAD.