Abstract
Chronic tinnitus is a common symptom of the auditory system. Its pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, primarily due to its multifactorial etiology, which resembles that of other chronic conditions. As a result, effective clinical management requires interdisciplinary diagnostics and personalized therapeutic strategies. A search in PubMed using the keyword "tinnitus" covering the period from September 2023 to September 2024 yielded 1079 publications, of which the most relevant were selected and analyzed for this review summarizing current knowledge. Recent advances in tinnitus research have further refined our understanding of its pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Tinnitus is frequently triggered by cochlear damage, leading to central neuronal alterations and maladaptive plasticity. Progress in neuroimaging and psychoacoustic testing is improving diagnostic precision, while multidisciplinary treatment approaches are gaining clinical relevance and should be increasingly emphasized.