Abstract
PURPOSE: There is a known association between tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAbs) and lung cancer. TAAbs are currently used in clinical settings for the early detection of lung cancer. However, the relationship between TAAbs profiles and clinical outcomes in lung cancer patients remains incompletely understood. This study aims to investigate the association between TAAbs and survival rates in individuals diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study enrolled 161 patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma at Henan Province People's Hospital between January 2020 and December 2022. Levels of TAAbs were measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Follow-up data were collected through December 2024. The association between TAAbs levels and disease progression was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: In the univariate analysis, the presence of p53 autoantibodies (anti-p53) and CAGE autoantibodies (anti-CAGE) was associated with an increased risk of reduced progression-free survival (PFS). In the multivariate analysis, anti-p53 remained significantly associated with shorter PFS, while anti-CAGE was not correlated with poor prognosis. The significant association between anti-p53 and worse PFS persisted after adjusting for gender, age, smoking status, pathological stage, and treatment. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis further confirmed that patients positive for anti-p53 had significantly shorter PFS (P = 0.0025). CONCLUSION: Tumor-associated autoantibody anti-p53 correlates poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients, offering novel insights into tumor prognosis.