Abstract
BACKGROUND: Multicenter clinical research faces many challenges, including how to quantitatively evaluate the data contribution of each research center. However, few data pricing model meets the requirements to the scenario. Thus, a suitable mechanism to measure the data value for clinical research is required. METHODS: Extensive documents were acquired and analyzed, including a rare disease list from the National Health Commission, data structures of the electronic medical records (EMR) system, diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) regulations from the Health Commission of Zhejiang Province, and the Clinical Service Price List of Zhejiang Province. Nine senior experts were invited as consultants from hospital and enterprises with professional field of clinical research, data governance, and health economics. After brainstorming and expert evaluation, seven data attributes were identified as the main factors affecting the value of medical data. Different weights were assigned for each attribute based on its influence on data value. Each attribute was quantized to an index based on proposed algorithms. The data value models for chronic diseases and other diseases were distinguished given the different sensitivity of data timeliness. A simulation system using blockchain and federated learning techniques was constructed to verify the data pricing model in the scenario of clinical research. RESULTS: A comprehensive clinical data pricing model is proposed and the simulation of three research centers with 50 million real clinical data entries was conducted to verify its effectiveness. It demonstrates that the proposed model can compute medical data value quantitatively. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative evaluation of the value of medical data for multicenter clinical research based on the proposed data pricing model works well in simulation. This model will be improved by real-world applications in the near future.