Abstract
A new acrylic glue, Glubran 2, is now available on the European market. It bears the CE mark with several surgical indications and the specific indication for neuroradiological endovascular use. Despite this approval, to our knowledge its use is still limited to surgery and no injections have been made in human patients. This study was designed to evaluate the behavior of Glubran 2 in endovascular injection in a simulation of brain AVM. Six sheep were operated on opening a fistula between the right common carotid artery and the jugular vein. This fistula modifies blood flow in the skull base rete mirabilis, which then functions as an AVM. In two sheep, the rete mirabilis was occluded by injection of 1.5 ml of Histoacryl diluted 1:1 and 1:3 with Lipiodol. In two sheep, the rete was embolized by injection of 1.5 ml of Glubran 2 diluted 1:1 with Lipiodol. The last two sheep were embolized by injection of Glubran 2 diluted 1:3 with Lipiodol. The procedures were documented by DSA angiographic acquisitions and by fluoroscopic VHS. The sheep were killed immediately after the procedures and the rete mirabilis isolated for histologic examination. Embolization was obtained with both kinds of glue. Glubran 2 diffuses in a very similar way to Histoacryl with an apparently more complete diffusion. Reflux in the ascending pharyngeal artery showed that Glubran 2 tended not to produce bubbles but diffused more homogeneously. The subjective conclusion of this work is that Glubran 2 can be used in endovascular embolizations. Before approaching brain AVMs, a further study will investigate embolization of the external carotid territory.