Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury leads to deficits in hippocampal parvalbumin (PV)+ interneurons (INs) and working memory. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) does not prevent these deficits. ErbB4 supports maturation and maintenance of PV+ IN. Thus, we hypothesized that neonatal HI leads to persistent deficits in PV+ INs, working memory and synaptic plasticity associated with ErbB4 dysregulation despite TH. P10 HI-injured mice were randomized to normothermia (NT, 36 °C) or TH (31 °C) for 4 h and compared to sham. Hippocampi were studied for α-fodrin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neuroregulin (Nrg) 1 levels; erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4 (ErbB4)/ Ak strain transforming (Akt) activation; and PV, synaptotagmin (Syt) 2, vesicular-glutamate transporter (VGlut) 2, Nrg1, and ErbB4 expression in coronal sections. Extracellular field potentials and behavioral testing were performed. At P40, deficits in PV+ INs correlated with impaired memory and coincided with blunted long-term depression (LTD), heightened long-term potentiation (LTP) and increased Vglut2/Syt2 ratio, supporting excitatory-inhibitory (E/I) imbalance. Hippocampal Nrg1 levels were increased in the hippocampus 24 h after neonatal HI, delaying the decline documented in shams. Paradoxically ErbB4 activation decreased 24 h and again 30 days after HI. Neonatal HI leads to persistent deficits in hippocampal PV+ INs, memory, and synaptic plasticity. While acute decreased ErbB4 activation supports impaired maturation and survival after HI, late deficit reemergence may impair PV+ INs maintenance after HI.