Abstract
Conventionally, rocking-chair batteries capacity primarily depends on cation shuttling. However, intrinsically high-charge-density metal-ions, such as Al(3+), inevitably cause strong Coulombic ion-lattice interactions, resulting in low practical energy density and inferior long-term stability towards rechargeable aluminium batteries (RABs). Herein, we introduce tunable quantum confinement effects and tailor a family of anion/cation co-(de)intercalation superlattice cathodes, achieving high-voltage anion charge compensation, with extra-capacity, in RABs. The optimized superlattice cathode with adjustable van der Waals not only enables facile traditional cation (de)intercalation, but also activates O(2-) compensation with an extra anion reaction. Furthermore, the constructed cathode delivers high energy-density (466 Wh kg(-1) at 107 W kg(-1)) and one of the best cycle stability (225 mAh g(-1) over 3000 cycles at 2.0 A g(-1)) in RABs. Overall, the anion-involving redox mechanism overcomes the bottlenecks of conventional electrodes, thereby heralding a promising advance in energy-storage-systems.