Integrating repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and Mediterranean diet for cognitive and anxiety improvement in early Alzheimer's disease: A case report and literature review

整合重复经颅磁刺激和地中海饮食以改善早期阿尔茨海默病患者的认知和焦虑症状:病例报告和文献综述

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Abstract

A 52-year-old male with early-stage Alzheimer's disease and long-standing anxiety received 30 repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation sessions over 8 months and 20-month Mediterranean diet intervention. Neuropsychological assessments [Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and resting-state electroencephalogram (rsEEG) were conducted at baseline, during treatment, and at 6-month follow-up. After treatment, MoCA and MMSE scores improved by 6 and 5 points; HAMA and HAMD scores declined by 7 and 3 points. rsEEG showed progressive increases in individual alpha peak frequency (8.69 to 10.22 Hz), enhancement of alpha power, and reduction in theta power. Cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β(42) levels also normalized. The patient reported marked mental well-being.

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