Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is commonly used to follow the progression of neurodegenerative conditions, including multiple sclerosis (MS). MRI is limited by a lack of correlation between imaging results and clinical presentations, referred to as the clinico-radiological paradox. Animal models are commonly used to mimic the progression of human neurodegeneration and as a tool to help resolve the paradox. Most studies focus on later stages of white matter (WM) damage whereas few focus on early stages when oligodendrocyte apoptosis has just begun. The current project focused on these time points, namely weeks 2 and 3 of cuprizone (CPZ) administration, a toxin which induces pathophysiology similar to MS. In vivo T(2)-weighted (T(2)W) and Magnetization Transfer Ratio (MTR) maps and ex vivo Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), Magnetization Transfer Imaging (MTI), and relaxometry (T(1) and T(2)) values were obtained at 7 T. Significant changes in T(2)W signal intensity and non-significant changes in MTR were observed to correspond to early WM damage, whereas significant changes in both corresponded with full demyelination. Some DTI metrics decrease with simultaneous increase in others, indicating acute demyelination. MTI metrics T(2)(A), T(2)(B), f and R were observed to have contradictory changes across CPZ administration. T(1) relaxation times were observed to have stronger correlations to disease states during later stages of CPZ treatment, whereas T(2) had weak correlations to early WM damage. These results all suggest the need for multiple metrics and further studies at early and late time points of demyelination. Further research is required to continue investigating the interplay between various MR metrics during all weeks of CPZ administration.