Abstract
BACKGROUND: A comparative study of the structure, characteristics, background, and functions of scientific associations of medical sciences in Iran with other leading countries in the field of medical sciences can serve as a way forward for the future planning of these associations. This research was conducted to compare the status of medical associations in Iran and European and American countries. METHODS: This is a descriptive-comparative study. After selecting scientific associations in Iran, Europe, and America, data were collected by triangulation. To validate the study's findings, the results of the comparisons were discussed in a meeting attended by ten medical association's representative. RESULTS: The structure of medical associations in Iran reveals significant differences compared to their counterparts in European and American countries. The primary mission of medical associations in Iran is focused on professional development; however, their roles in policymaking are not clearly defined. All analyzed associations, whether in Iran, Europe, or the US, operate as private, non-profit entities. In terms of performance, Iranian medical associations display the highest activity levels in education (66.6%), social engagement (70%), and research (76.6%). However, they lack engagement in advisory services and advocacy-related activities. Conversely, medical associations in the US are active across all these domains, playing a significant role in healthcare. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study show that in Iran, most scientific associations are limited to activities in the field of education and research, while in European and American countries, they play a role in policy making and as advocates for their members.