Abstract
A 62-year-old man diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) showed limited responses to two courses of azacitidine (AZA)+Venetoclax (VEN) therapy. Twenty days after being transferred to our hospital, flow cytometry with broad antigen coverage and mutation analysis confirmed the presence of a second malignancy, hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Following haploidentical combined umbilical cord blood transplantation, the patient achieved complete remission (CR) for both AML and HCL. This CR has been maintained for the past 14 months. Patients with dual hematologic malignancies may not respond well to conventional therapy regimens. Early initiation of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is beneficial for improving prognosis and extending overall survival.