Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that lysine (K)‑specific demethylase 3A (KDM3A) is associated with diverse diabetes‑associated cardiovascular complications in response to high glucose levels. However, the effects of KDM3A on the pathological progression of cardiovascular injuries in response to high insulin levels remain unknown. The present study aimed to explore whether KDM3A knockdown may attenuate high insulin‑induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction, and to further investigate the underlying mechanisms. Primary VSMCs were isolated from the thoracic aorta of Sprague‑Dawley rats. Lentiviral vectors encoding control‑small interfering (si)RNA or KDM3A‑siRNA were transduced into VSMCs for 72 h, and cells were subsequently incubated in medium containing 100 nM insulin for a further 5 days. Cellular proli-feration, migration and apoptosis were measured by Cell Counting kit‑8, Transwell chamber assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using the dihydroethidium fluorescent probe. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin‑6 and monocyte chemotactic protein‑1 were measured by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of KDM3A, mitogen‑activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor (NF)‑κB/p65, B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2)‑associated X protein and Bcl‑2 were evaluated by west-ern blotting. Lentivirus transduction with KDM3A‑siRNA markedly reduced the elevated expression of KDM3A induced by high insulin stimulation in VSMCs. In addition, inhibition of KDM3A significantly ameliorated insulin‑induced VSMC proliferation and migration, which was accompanied by decreased ROS levels, cell apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine levels. Furthermore, KDM3A gene silencing mitigated phosphorylation of MAPKs and NF‑κB/p65 activation. In conclusion, KDM3A inhibition may exert numerous protective effects on high insulin‑stimulated VSMCs, and the underlying mechanisms may be partly associated with inactivation of MAPK/NF‑κB signaling pathways.