Abstract
In this study, the stochastic energy management, and scheduling of a renewable microgrid involving energy sources and dynamic storage is performed considering energy resource and demand uncertainties and demand response (DR) using the two-point estimation method (2 m + 1 PEM). The three-dimensional objective function is defined as maximizing the renewable hosting capacity and minimizing the operation cost, and emission cost minimization. The decision variables include installation location and size of the renewable resources and mobile energy storage system (MESS), determined using a multi-objective enhanced grey wolf optimizer (MOEGWO) improved based on the logistic chaotic mapping integrated with fuzzy decision-making approach. The simulations are implemented for several cases of employing MESS, DR, and uncertainties to investigate the proposed approach's efficacy. The MOEGWO performance is confirmed to solve the ZDT and CEC'09 functions according to some well-known algorithms. Then, the performance of the MOEGWO is evaluated on the stochastic energy management and scheduling of the renewable microgrid. The results indicate that considering the dynamic MESS causes reducing the operation and emission costs by 23.34% and 34.78%, respectively, and increasing the renewable hosting capacity by 7.62% in contrast to using the static MESS. Also, the stochastic problem-solving considering uncertainties showed that operation and emission costs are raised, the renewable hosting capacity is decreased, and the uncertainty impact is reduced in the condition of DR application. So, the results validated the proposed methodology's effectiveness for minimizing the operation and emission costs and maximizing the renewable hosting capacity. Moreover, the superior capability of the MOEGWO is confirmed in comparison with the multi-objective particle swarm optimization to obtain lower operation and emission costs and higher renewable hosting capacity.