Abstract
PURPOSE: We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the utilization of a tele-ophthalmology screening program in a low-risk, suburban population of patients with diabetes. METHODS: A total of 214 diabetic patients without previously documented diabetic retinopathy (DR) underwent point-of-care non-mydriatic fundus photography through their primary care providers at five Beth Israel Lahey Health locations. The characteristics of the patients who received remote screening were compared with those patients who were eligible for screening but did not take part in the program. Time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) was implemented to examine the cost of screening by tele-ophthalmology compared with in-person examinations. RESULTS: Tele-ophthalmology screening was more likely to be provided for patients who were younger (OR 0.985; 95% CI 0.973-0.997, p=0.016), who were obese (OR 2.04; 95% CI: 1.47-2.84, p=0.008), who had an HbA1c above 8.0% (OR 1.60; 95% CI: 1.13-2.26, p=0.031), or who had an eye examination in the past year (OR 5.55; 95% CI: 3.89-7.92, p<0.001). Those patients newly diagnosed with DR because of the program were more likely to have diabetic nephropathy (OR 7.79; 95% CI: 1.73-35.05, p=0.007). TDABC identified a health system cost-savings of between $8 and $29 per patient screened by tele-ophthalmology compared with the cost of in-person eye examinations. CONCLUSION: Tele-ophthalmology presents an opportunity to reduce the costs of screening patients without prior evidence of DR, especially those who have completed a comprehensive eye examination within the prior year.