Aim
Tumor associated macrophages are the most abundant cancer immune cells. However, little was known about the identity of CD68+PD1+ macrophages as well as the contributions in the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Conclusion
Thus, our findings overall indicate that CD68+PD1+ macrophages are tumor associated macrophagess in ESCC, which can forecast the prognosis of ESCC.
Methods
Immunofluorescence, flowcytometry and RT-PCR were used to analysis PD1+ macrophages in ESCC.
Results
CD68+PD1+ macrophages which can express higher M2 markers in cancer tissues, increased about 4.2-times compared with para-cancer tissues. Additionally, PD1high macrophages were significantly correlated with more malignant phenotypes and poor prognosis. PD1 treatment can enhance phagocytosis of cultured macrophages and redirect this macrophage to M1-like phenotype.