Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Whether to administer adjuvant treatment is a matter of great debate for oral cavity cancer harboring a single positive node without extranodal extension and positive margin (defined as low/intermediate risk pN1(new) in this study). METHODS: A total of 243 low/intermediate risk pN1(new) patients with oral cavity cancer who received curative surgery were included. Overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), regional recurrence-free survival (RRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were compared between patients receiving adjuvant treatment and observation alone. RESULTS: For patients receiving adjuvant therapy vs observation, the differences in outcomes were not statistically significant in terms of 5-year OS, LRFS, RRFS, and DMFS. For subgroup analysis, in low/intermediate pN1(new) patients with one or more minor risk factors, adjuvant therapy was not significantly associated with OS, LRFS, RRFS, or DMFS in pN1(new) patients. CONCLUSION: For low/intermediate risk pN1(new) patients with oral cavity cancer, adjuvant therapy might be omitted. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.