Abstract
LiNi(0.8)Co(0.1)Mn(0.1)O(2) cathodes suffer from severe bulk structural and interfacial degradation during battery operation. To address these issues, a three in one strategy using ZrB(2) as the dopant is proposed for constructing a stable Ni-rich cathode. In this strategy, Zr and B are doped into the bulk of LiNi(0.8)Co(0.1)Mn(0.1)O(2), respectively, which is beneficial to stabilize the crystal structure and mitigate the microcracks. Meanwhile, during the high-temperature calcination, some of the remaining Zr at the surface combined with the surface lithium source to form lithium zirconium coatings, which physically protect the surface and suppress the interfacial phase transition upon cycling. Thus, the 0.2 mol% ZrB(2)-LiNi(0.8)Co(0.1)Mn(0.1)O(2) cathode delivers a discharge capacity of 183.1 mAh g(-1) after 100 cycles at 50 °C (1C, 3.0-4.3 V), with an outstanding capacity retention of 88.1%. The cycling stability improvement is more obvious when the cut-off voltage increased to 4.4 V. Density functional theory confirms that the superior structural stability and excellent thermal stability are attributed to the higher exchange energy of Li/Ni exchange and the higher formation energy of oxygen vacancies by ZrB(2) doping. The present work offers a three in one strategy to simultaneously stabilize the crystal structure and surface for the Ni-rich cathode via a facile preparation process.