Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The current standard of care includes systemic chemotherapy with cytotoxic agents, offering palliative relief for severe CRC cases and serving as the primary therapy for metastatic recurrence. However, the development of chemoresistance poses a substantial obstacle in the realm of chemotherapy. This study delved into the potential of a novel chromium (III)-based compound, hexaacetotetraaquadihydroxochromium (III) diiron (III) nitrate, for CRC treatment. The therapeutic promise of this innovative chromium (III)-based compound was explored by utilizing LoVo colon cancer cells and an in-vivo mouse model of CRC. Various dosages of the compound were administered to LoVo parental cells and LoVo oxaliplatin-resistant cells. Findings unveiled that a concentration of 2000 μg/mL of the chromium (III) compound significantly inhibited mesenchymal transition and the migratory and invasive properties of LoVo oxaliplatin-resistant cells. This novel chromium (III)-based compound also demonstrated similar efficacy in other different CRC cell lines. The tumor growth was in the in-vivo mouse model was reduced by this compound. Moreover, the chromium (III)-based compound induced apoptosis by triggering the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway in LoVo oxaliplatin-resistant cells. This study illuminates the capacity of the novel chromium (III)-based compound to impede the progression and growth of chemotherapy-resistant CRC. This discovery instills confidence in the potential of this compound as a therapeutic agent for CRC, even in the face of drug resistance. It holds the promise of serving as a valuable asset in the future treatment of chemotherapy-resistant CRC.