Objective
To examine the effect of the ovarian steroids on the gene expression profile in human uterine microvascular endothelial cells. Design: An experimental study. Setting: University hospital and research laboratory. Patient(s): Eighteen premenopausal women with proven fertility undergoing hysterectomy for cervical carcinoma in situ or cervical dysplasia. Intervention(s): None. Main outcome measure(s): The effect of E(2) and P on gene expression profile in pooled human uterine microvascular endothelial cells was examined with cDNA microarray analysis and confirmed with quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. In vivo endometrial endothelial expression of the proteins encoded by the genes significantly regulated by E(2) and/or P was examined with Western blotting analysis and immunohistochemistry. Result(s): The genes steadily up-regulated by E(2) and/or P included angiogenic factors, water transporters, immunomodulators, binding proteins, electron transporters, amino acid transporter, signal transduction proteins, and blood pressure regulation factors. The proteins encoded by IL1RL1, WAS, and NPPA were detected in endometrial microvascular endothelial cells.