Abstract
Heterochiral DNA strand-displacement reactions enable sequence-specific interfacing of oligonucleotide enantiomers, making it possible to interface native d-nucleic acids with molecular circuits built using nuclease-resistant l-DNA. To date, all heterochiral reactions have relied on peptide nucleic acid (PNA), which places potential limits on the scope and utility of this approach. Herein, we now report heterochiral strand-displacement in the absence of PNA, instead utilizing chimeric d/l-DNA complexes to interface oligonucleotides of the opposite chirality. We show that these strand-displacement reactions can be easily integrated into multicomponent heterochiral circuits, are compatible with both DNA and RNA inputs, and can be engineered to function in serum-supplemented medium. We anticipate that these new reactions will lead to a wider application of heterochiral strand-displacement, especially in the design of biocompatible nucleic acid circuits that can reliably operate within living systems.