Abstract
Mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) dysfunction elevates the NADH/NAD+ ratio to cause metabolic derangements. Here we describe a protocol to measure the NADH/NAD+ ratio and analyze the rewiring of glucose metabolism using [4-2H]-glucose, [3-2H]-glucose, and [U-13C]-glucose in ETC-inhibited human cancer cells. We also describe a protocol to analyze the NADH/NAD+ ratio-sensitive metabolites in mouse plasma and mouse liver following phenformin treatment. These protocols comprehensively analyze the metabolic derangements resulting from increased NADH/NAD+ ratio in in vitro and in vivo models. For complete details on the use and execution of this profile, please refer to Liu et al. (2021).