Abstract
PURPOSE: The study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of p-propoxybenzoic acid (p-PBA). METHODS: 36 Sprague-Dawley rats of either sex were utilized for the study. Animals were injected with nicotinamide (230 mg/kg) followed by streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) to induce Type-2 Diabetes (T2DM). Animals with blood glucose levels (BGL) over 200 mg/kg were allocated in six groups. Three groups were treated with p-PBA dose of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg respectively; standard control group was treated with 5 mg/kg glibenclamide, while the other two groups were considered as normal control and disease control group. Body weight (BW) and BGL were recorded on Day 0, Day 7, Day 14, and Day 28. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum insulin levels and lipid profile were recorded on Day 28. Animals were euthanized on Day 28 and the pancreas was isolated for histopathological examination. RESULTS: Diabetic animals treated with p-PBA showed significant improvements in BW (P < 0.05) and BGL (P < 0.001) over 28 days. Levels of HbA1c (P < 0.05) and serum insulin (P < 0.001) were significantly regulated in animals treated with p-PBA. A significant decrease (P < 0.001) was observed in elevated levels of TC, TG, LDL cholesterol and VLDL cholesterol in animals treated with p-PBA. p-PBA significantly regulated the levels of HDL cholesterol (P < 0.001). A notable protective effect of p-PBA was observed through the histopathological examination of pancreas. CONCLUSION: p-PBA can be characterized as a multi-target inhibiting anti-diabetic agent which can be evaluated against diabetic complications. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-022-01177-y.