Abstract
Utilizing waste carbon resources to produce chemicals and materials is beneficial to mitigate the fossil fuel consumption and the global warming. In this study, ocean-based chitin biomass and waste shrimp shell powders were employed as the feedstock to prepare Pd loaded nitrogen-doped carbon materials as the catalysts for carbon dioxide (CO(2))/bicarbonate hydrogenation into formic acid, which simultaneously converts waste biomass into useful materials and CO(2) into a valuable chemical. Three different preparation methods were examined, and the two-stage calcination was the most efficient one to obtain N-doped carbon material with good physicochemical properties as the best Pd support. The highest formic acid yield was achieved of ∼77% at 100 °C in water with KHCO(3) substrate under optimal condition with a TON of 610. The nitrogen content and N functionalities of the as-synthesized carbon materials were crucial which could serve as anchor sites for the Pd precursor and assist the formation of well-dispersed and small-sized Pd NPs for boosted catalytic activity. The study puts forward a facile, inexpensive and environmentally benign way for simultaneous valorization of oceanic waste biomass and carbon dioxide into valuable products.