Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To present a rare case of mediastinal extraosseous Ewing sarcoma(EES), broadening the body of knowledge already in existence on EES. This paper intends to give doctors more diagnostic and therapeutic understanding. METHODS: The patient's imaging data was analyzed retrospectively. We identified and compiled the distinctive imaging characteristics of mediastinal EES by combining these results with histopathological evaluation and a review of relevant literature. KEY FINDINGS: Typical imaging features of mediastinal EES include a large, bulky mass with irregular shape and lobulated, poorly defined margins. On computed tomography (CT), it often shows heterogeneous density along with infiltration of nearby organs and anatomical structures. CONCLUSION: Mediastinal EES is a rare and clinically challenging diagnosis. However, recognition of its characteristic imaging features may facilitate radiological diagnosis. Nevertheless, histopathological confirmation remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis.