Abstract
The urge need for innovative integration between Electromagnetic Waves (EMWs) and nanotechnology offers exciting possibilities for improving antimicrobial treatments to combat antibacterial resistant bacterial infections. This study explores how EMWs at range below 300 Hz can enhance the antibacterial efficacy of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles (GONPs) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a significant pathogen in antibiotic resistance. EMWs at range below 300 Hz, interact with bacterial cell membranes to affect ion channels, permeability, and cellular signaling, offering a non-invasive method to amplify antimicrobial effects. GONPs synthesized through glucose pyrolysis and characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, exhibit potent antibacterial properties due to their sharp edges, large surface area, and ability to generate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). These nanoparticles disrupt bacterial membranes, form biofilms, and damage cellular components through oxidative stress. The study examines how those EMWs can enhance GONP penetration into bacterial cells, increase ROS production, and disrupt biofilms. By optimizing EMWs parameters such as frequency, intensity, and duration this research aims to develop new, non-invasive antibacterial therapies. The results could lead to advanced antimicrobial strategies, integrating nanotechnology with electromagnetic field exposure, offering innovative solutions to address antibiotic-resistant infections and improve treatment efficacy. This approach represents a significant step toward more effective, targeted antibacterial therapies.