Abstract
Nanotechnology with artificial intelligence (AI) can metamorphose medicine to an extent that has never been achieved before. AI could be used in anesthesia to develop advanced clinical decision support tools based on machine learning, increasing efficiency, and accuracy. It is also potentially highly troublesome by creating insecurity among clinicians and allowing the transfer of expert domain knowledge to machines. Anesthesia is a complex medical specialty, and assuming AI can easily replace the expert as a clinically sound anesthetist is a very unrealistic expectation. This paper focuses on the association and opportunities for AI developments and deep learning with anesthesia. It reviews the current advances in AI tools and hardware technologies and outlines how these can be used in the field of anesthesia.