Abstract
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) logic circuit systems provide a powerful arithmetic architecture for the development of molecular computations. DNA nanotechnology, particularly DNA origami, provides a nanoscale addressable surface for DNA logic circuit systems. Although molecular computations based on DNA origami surfaces have received significant attention in research, there are still obstacles to constructing localized scalable DNA logic circuit systems. Here, we developed elementary DNA logic circuits on a DNA origami surface by employing the strand displacement reaction (SDR) to realize the localized scalable DNA logic circuit systems. We showed that the constructed elementary logic circuits can be scaled up to the localized DNA logic circuit systems that perform arbitrary digital computing tasks, including square root functions, full adder and full subtractor. We used a 50% reduction in the number of localized DNA logic components, compared to localized logic systems based on the threshold strategy. We further demonstrated that the localized DNA logic circuit systems for three-satisfiability (3-SAT) problem solving and disease classification can be implemented using the constructed elementary DNA logic circuits. We expect our approach to provide a new design paradigm for the development of molecular computations and their applications in complex mathematical problem solving and disease diagnosis.