Abstract
Currently, the most common approach for manufacturing GMP-grade adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors involves transiently transfecting mammalian cells with three plasmids that carry the essential components for production. The requirement for all three plasmids to be transfected into a single cell and the necessity for high quantities of input plasmid DNA, limits AAV production efficiency, introduces variability between production batches, and increases time and labor costs. Here, we developed an all-in-one, single-plasmid AAV production system, called AAVone. In this system, the adenovirus helper genes ( E2A , E4orf6 , and VA RNA ), packaging genes ( rep and cap ), and the vector transgene cassette are consolidated into a single compact plasmid with a 13-kb backbone. The AAVone system achieves a two- to four-fold increase in yields compared to the traditional triple-plasmid system. Furthermore, the AAVone system exhibits low batch-to-batch variation and eliminates the need for fine-tuning the ratios of the three plasmids, simplifying the production process. In terms of vector quality, AAVs generated by the AAVone system show similar in vitro and in vivo transduction efficiency, but a substantial reduction in sequences attributed to plasmid backbones and a marked reduction in non-functional snap-back genomes. In Summary, the AAVone platform is a straightforward, cost-effective, and highly consistent AAV production system - making it particularly suitable for GMP-grade AAV vectors.