Abstract
Objective Although diagnostic criteria of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been established, the details of the process by which patients notice symptoms, visit a physician, and receive a diagnosis of PD is unclear. We therefore explored factors influencing latency in diagnosing PD. Methods We performed an internet-based survey of patients with PD and their families as well as physicians treating patients with PD to identify any diagnostic latency and its determinants. Evaluated factors included motor and non-motor symptoms, the diagnosis history and symptoms, patients' feelings toward PD prior to the diagnosis, and physician-determined reasons for the diagnostic delay. Results Among the 186 eligible patient respondents (including 87 responses from family members of patients), 24% received a PD diagnosis >1 year after the onset of PD-related symptoms, 58.6% had mid- or late-stage PD at the diagnosis, and 29% of patients had initially thought their symptoms were common age-related phenomena. Tremor (42%) was the most frequent symptom that led patients to visit a medical institution, whereas gait disturbance (14%) was the least frequent. More patients diagnosed with early-stage PD than those diagnosed with mid- or late-stage PD consulted a neurologist at their first visit. Among the 331 eligible physicians, patients' misinterpretation of their symptoms as being age-related was deemed one of or the most common cause (s) of a diagnostic delay by 67% and 36%, respectively. Conclusion Patients' insufficient or misinterpreted information about PD may cause delays in accessing healthcare services, leading to diagnostic delay.