Abstract
This research work opens up the possibility of developing tubular mineral membranes from Moroccan clay powders and their use in water permeability tests and wastewater treatment. The aim is to show the possibility of using clay as a low-cost raw material for the production of ceramic membranes with high mechanical and chemical performances. In a first step, we developed ceramic membranes by extruding a prepared plastic paste with the addition of an optimized amount of wood powder as organic matter (OM) to improve the porosity characteristics of the final products after firing. Several parameters are controlled such as the chemical and mineralogical composition of the starting clay powder, the granulometry and the final sintering temperature. The effect of sintering temperature in the range from 800 to 1000 °C, and OM addition (5, 10, 15wt%) on tubular membrane properties such as mechanical and chemical resistance, porosity and permeability were investigated. It was found that the incorporation of OM in the raw clay enhance the pore volume and the permeate flux but it was also accompanied by a decrease in mechanical strength. The membrane sintered at 1000 °C with 15wt% of OM is considered as optimized membrane and it was applied for the second stage of this work. This stage concerns the treatment of wastewater from a thermal complex located 12 km south of the city of Meknes, Morocco, through a treatment by a biological disk microstation. The filtrate obtained then undergoes tangential filtration by the membranes elaborated and optimized following the evolution of the pollution parameters. Based on physicochemical and biological analyses of wastewater after treatment by the coupled system, the membranes obtained have a good permeability and an excellent pollution removal performance.