Abstract
This paper examines artificial reproduction (AR) within a broad comparative perspective and with specific reference to Czechoslovak law, medicine, and demography. It proceeds form an analysis of the social context that gives rise to technologies of AR to a review of the two principal technologies, artificial insemination (AI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). A final section briefly discusses some of the implications of AR for new judicial conceptions of motherhood and fatherhood.