Abstract
In the context of the prolonged invasion of smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora, numerous native birds have progressively adapted to this invasive plant. Not only do certain non-specialist birds demonstrate an ability to inhabit and utilize smooth cordgrass, but a subset of specialist birds is also detected in the habitat as well. In this study, we provide evidence of the Slaty-breasted Rail Lewinia striata (Rallidae) occurring in smooth cordgrass, which had not been previously documented. These rails exhibit a significant reliance on the invaded vegetative community during their breeding season, engaging in foraging, vocalization, and even successful reproduction within the smooth cordgrass. The observations of Slaty-breasted Rail utilizing invasive smooth cordgrass highlight the possibility that, as natural wetlands continue to decline, birds that are highly dependent on marsh ecosystems may increasingly resort to the invasive Spartina community as a critical refuge. Such a transition is poised to impact their distribution, foraging, and reproduction. With the backdrop of large-scale removal of smooth cordgrass on the China coast, the disappearance of smooth cordgrass may harm the population of these birds. Further dedicated investigations and tracking of more individuals are needed to understand the specific ecological impact on Slaty-breasted Rail.