Abstract
With the growing demand for personalized healthcare services, biomaterial-based triboelectric nanogenerators (BM-TENGs) have gained widespread attention due to their non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. This review systematically examines the working principles, material choices, biomimetic designs, and clinical application scenarios of BM-TENGs, with a focus on the use of natural biomaterials, biocomposites, hydrogels, and other materials in health diagnostics. Biomaterials show significant potential in enhancing TENG performance, improving device flexibility, and expanding application ranges, especially in early disease detection, health monitoring, and self-powered sensing devices. This paper also addresses the current challenges faced by BM-TENG technology, including performance optimization, biocompatibility, and device durability. By integrating existing research and technological advancements, this review aims to deeply analyze the development of BM-TENG technology, propose corresponding solutions, and explore its practical application prospects in the medical field.