Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of diarrhea in humans. While the pathogenic mechanisms of C. jejuni are not completely understood, host inflammatory responses are thought to be contributing factors. In this report, C. jejuni 81-176 is shown to up-regulate chemokines essential to inflammatory responses. Growth-related oncogene alpha (GROalpha), GROgamma, macrophage inflammatory protein 1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and gamma interferon-inducible protein 10 (gammaIP-10) mRNA transcription in INT-407 cells was enhanced within 4 h of bacterial exposure. Infection with viable campylobacters was necessary for sustained chemokine transcription and was NF-kappaB dependent. GROalpha, gammaIP-10, and MCP-1 chemokine secretions were confirmed by immunological assays.