Abstract
Chronic osteomyelitis is a prolonged persistent disease accompanied by bone destruction and sequestrum formation, it is very difficult to treat. Antibiotic loaded polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has been used in clinical. However, when PMMA was implanted in the body, the deficiencies is that it is non-biodegradable and a second operation is needed. Here, we synthesize a novel levofloxacin loaded mesoporous silica microspheres/nano-hydroxyapatite/polyurethane composite scaffolds, and evaluated the therapeutic effect in treating chronic osteomyelitis with bone defects in rabbit model compared with bulk PMMA. X-ray, Micro CT, gross pathology as well as immunohistochemical staining were performed at predesignated time points (1, 3, 6 and 12 weeks). Our results demonstrated that the efficiency of mesoporous silica microspheres/nano-hydroxyapatite/polyurethane composite scaffolds loaded with 5 mg levofloxacin was much better at treating bone defects than the other groups. This novel synthetic scaffold may provide a solution for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.