Abstract
Accurate detection of tea leaf diseases and insects is crucial for their scientific and effective prevention and control, essential for ensuring the quality and yield of tea. Traditional methods for identifying tea leaf diseases and insects primarily rely on professional technicians, which are difficult to apply in various scenarios. This study proposes a recognition method for tea leaf diseases and insects based on improved MobileNetV3. Initially, a dataset containing images of 17 different types of tea leaf diseases and insects was curated, with data augmentation techniques utilized to broaden recognition scenarios. Subsequently, the network structure of MobileNetV3 was enhanced by integrating the CA (coordinate attention) module to improve the perception of location information. Moreover, a fine-tuning transfer learning strategy was employed to optimize model training and accelerate convergence. Experimental results on the constructed dataset reveal that the initial recognition accuracy of MobileNetV3 is 94.45%, with an F1-score of 94.12%. Without transfer learning, the recognition accuracy of MobileNetV3-CA reaches 94.58%, while with transfer learning, it reaches 95.88%. Through comparative experiments, this study compares the improved algorithm with the original MobileNetV3 model and other classical image classification models (ResNet18, AlexNet, VGG16, SqueezeNet, and ShuffleNetV2). The findings show that MobileNetV3-CA based on transfer learning achieves higher accuracy in identifying tea leaf diseases and insects. Finally, a tea diseases and insects identification application was developed based on this model. The model showed strong robustness and could provide a reliable reference for intelligent diagnosis of tea diseases and insects.