Abstract
The combination of atorvastatin (ATO) and aspirin (ASP) is widely prescribed for preventing cardiovascular diseases, particularly in individuals at risk of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. This study aims to develop and validate an eco-friendly spectrofluorimetric method using the first-derivative synchronous fluorescence (FDSSF) technique (Δλ = 80 nm) to simultaneously determine ATO and ASP in combined pharmaceutical formulations. A simple, rapid, cost-effective, and interference-free FDSSF method was employed. Ethanol was used as a green solvent, with a scanning rate of 500 nm/min and Δλ of 80 nm. Distinct fluorescence peaks for ATO and ASP were observed at 384 nm and 365 nm, respectively. The method was optimized for parameters influencing fluorescence intensity, ensuring enhanced sensitivity and selectivity. The method demonstrated excellent linearity (0.4-6 μg/ml for ATO, 1-10 μg/ml for ASP) with high sensitivity, as indicated by low LOD (0.03 μg/ml for ATO, 0.342 μg/ml for ASP) and LOQ (0.248 μg/ml for ATO, 0.714 μg/ml for ASP). The method was successfully applied to commercial tablet formulations and synthetic mixtures, yielding results comparable to HPLC, confirming its high accuracy and reproducibility. Environmental Assessment: The method was evaluated for "greenness" (AGREE, Complex MOGAPI, NEMI), "whiteness" (RGB12), and "blueness" (BAGI), achieving high sustainability scores. The results confirmed its minimal environmental impact and eco-friendly nature. The FDSSF method provides a green, accurate, and reliable approach for simultaneously determining ATO and ASP in pharmaceuticals, offering high sensitivity, exceptional selectivity, and environmental sustainability.