Abstract
Assessing and addressing suboptimal adherence to asthma medications is a key component in the treatment of all children with asthma, particularly those with difficult-to-treat asthma. However, parents often overreport adherence to asthma medications. Increased medication adherence could lead to improved outcomes in the form of better asthma control and decreased asthma exacerbations, as well as decreased healthcare utilization costs. Yet there are many complex factors that affect medication adherence, and barriers are often different in each family. Social determinants of health, complex healthcare relationships, and patient-related factors may all affect medication adherence. Multicomponent patient-centered strategies, as well as strategies that utilize technology and habit formation strategies may be helpful in improving medication adherence. Further study is needed to reliably and sustainably improve medication adherence in children with asthma across the broader population; in some populations, alternate diagnoses, adjusting therapy, and other intervention may be required to improve asthma control and health.