Abstract
Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), also known as polyglutamate, is a naturally derived polymer produced by Bacillus species that has demonstrated antiviral properties. Growing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies supports its therapeutic potential against various viral infections, highlighting both effective antiviral activity and a favorable safety profile. This review emphasizes current findings on the antiviral mechanisms of γ-PGA, including its ability to interfere with viral entry and to activate serial immune signaling pathways, with additional insights from structural biology. Collectively, γ-PGA represents a promising biomaterial for the development of future broad-spectrum antiviral strategies and applications.