Abstract
In this study, we developed the autonomous lab (ANL), which is a system based on robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) to conduct biotechnology experiments and formulate scientific hypotheses. This system was designed with modular devices and Bayesian optimization algorithms, allowing it to effectively run a closed loop from culturing to preprocessing, measurement, analysis, and hypothesis formulation. As a case study, we used the ANL to optimize medium conditions for a recombinant Escherichia coli strain, which overproduces glutamic acid. The results demonstrated that our autonomous system successfully replicated the experimental techniques, such as sample preparation and data measurement, and improved both the cell growth rate and the maximum cell growth. The ANL offers a versatile and scalable solution for various applications in the field of bioproduction, with the potential to improve efficiency and reliability of experimental processes in the future.