Lipidomic alterations in oysters caused by environmentally relevant exposure to microplastics and estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals

Microplastics and estrogens affect oysters differently. Estrogens are more bioavailable than microplastics in oysters. Amplification of EEDC effects by microplastics was low in molluscs. Incubation of EEDCs with smooth surfaced PE-MPs did not increase adsorption. Oysters showed different adaptive responses at low MPs and EEDCs exposure. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10646-026-03055-2.