Abstract
BACKGROUND: Several biomaterials have been employed for direct pulp capping (DPC) with varying degrees of success. This study evaluated the pulp response following DPC with a new material developed from glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitors (Tideglusib) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). METHODS: Class V cavities with pulp exposure were conducted on 56 teeth in two adult male mongrel dogs. Based on the evaluation periods, these teeth were divided into two major groups at random (28 teeth/dog each). Groups A and B underwent histopathology evaluations three and eight weeks following DPC, respectively. Depending on the capping material used, each main group was further divided into two equal subgroups (14 teeth each). ProRoot white MTA was applied directly to the exposed vital pulps in subgroup 1. While subgroup 2's exposed pulps were immediately capped with resorbable collagen that had been soaked in a freshly made 50 nM Tideglusib drug solution. Glass ionomer filling was then used to seal the access cavities. Every specimen underwent histological evaluation and was scored according to the number of inflammatory cells, the disorganization of the pulp tissue, and the formation of calcific bridges. All data were statistically examined. RESULTS: In both groups A and B, subgroup 2 showed a statistically significant increase in the number of inflammatory cells and pulp tissue disorganization compared to subgroup 1 (P < 0.05). In both groups A and B, there was no statistically significant difference in the formation of new hard tissue between subgroups 1 and 2 (P = 0.157). CONCLUSION: When used as direct vital pulp capping materials in a dog model, Tideglusib causes more soft tissue disorganization and an inflammatory response inside the pulp cavity than ProRoot white MTA.