Abstract
The factors that regulate aging processes are poorly understood however, the endocrine system has been shown to be a major regulator of aging, age-related disease and lifespan. The mammalian hormonal system is highly integrated and impacts metabolism, protein synthesis, stress resistance, and reproduction among other major physiological processes. Animals with altered endocrine profiles have been shown to resist musculoskeletal frailty, cognitive decline, accumulation of senescent cells, insulin resistance and cancer. The underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for susceptibility or resistance to this array of aging-related dysfunctional outcomes will be discussed such as mitochondrial function, signaling through mTOR and autophagy. The positive news is that genetic, dietary and drug interventions have been shown to affect these systems and extend health span.