Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This review aims to explore the roles and mechanisms of cytochrome P450 subfamily 1 (CYP1) enzymes in acute lung injury (ALI), and to discuss their potential as therapeutic targets. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science to identify relevant studies on the involvement of CYP1 enzymes-specifically CYP1A and CYP1B1-in various forms of ALI, including hyperoxic lung injury, sepsis-associated ALI, and COVID-19 pneumonia. RESULTS: CYP1 enzymes, induced by the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), contribute differentially to ALI. CYP1A enzymes exhibit protective effects, whereas CYP1B1 promotes lung injury, potentially through oxidative stress-related pathways such as Nrf2, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling. CONCLUSION: The distinct functions of CYP1 isoforms in ALI suggest their clinical relevance, highlighting the potential for isoform-specific targeting in the treatment of acute respiratory conditions.