Key messages
• Both GSK3 genes, together, are crucial regulators of growth plate remodeling. • Cartilage-specific deletion of both GSK3 genes causes skeletal growth retardation. • Deletion of both GSK3 genes decreases Sox9 levels and promotes chondrocyte apoptosis. • Cartilage-specific GSK3 deletion in juvenile mice culminates in premature lethality. • GSK3 deletion exhibits mild effects on articular cartilage compared to growth plate.