Abstract
The mechanism and associated factors of restenosis following intravascular stent implantation remain to be elucidated. The present two‑part experimental and clinical study aimed to investigate the effects of tripterygium glycosides on in‑stent restenosis subsequent to intra‑arterial therapy. Following endovascular stent implantation in rabbit iliac arteries, post‑stent outcomes were evaluated in cyclosporine groups, low‑dose and high‑dose tripterygium glycosides groups and controls. Post‑operative angiography indicated that vessel diameters were similar between groups; however, at 28 days after receiving the therapeutic agents, vessels of the cyclosporine and tripterygium glycosides groups were significantly larger than those of the controls. Furthermore, three groups of patients had comparable baseline levels of interleukin (IL)‑10, IL‑18 and C‑reactive protein, and intima‑media thickness. However, 1 month after stent implantation, levels of IL‑10 and IL‑18 were markedly reduced in the high‑ and low‑dose tripterygium glycosides groups compared with controls. At 6 months after surgery, the stent patency rate in patients with bare stents was significantly lower than in patients receiving tripterygium glycosides (P≤0.009). In addition, the ankle‑brachial index was also higher than in those without tripterygium glycosides (P<0.001). Results of the experimental and clinical studies suggest that tripterygium glycosides may inhibit and possibly aid in the prevention of in‑stent restenosis formation following endovascular treatment of lower‑extremity artery disease.