Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptor (IP(3)R) is an intracellular IP(3)-gated Ca(2+) channel that is located on intracellular Ca(2+) stores and modulates Ca(2+) signalling. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we screened a mouse brain cDNA library with bait constructs for mouse IP(3)R type 1 (IP(3)R1) to identify IP(3)R1-associated proteins. In this way, we found that carbonic anhydrase-related protein (CARP) is a novel IP(3)R1-binding protein. Western blot analysis revealed that CARP is expressed exclusively in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, in which IP(3)R1 is abundantly expressed. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the subcellular localization of CARP in Purkinje cells is coincident with that of IP(3)R1. Biochemical analysis also showed that CARP is co-precipitated with IP(3)R1. Using deletion mutagenesis, we established that amino acids 45-291 of CARP are essential for its association with IP(3)R1, and that the CARP-binding site is located within the modulatory domain of IP(3)R1 amino acids 1387-1647. CARP inhibits IP(3) binding to IP(3)R1 by reducing the affinity of the receptor for IP(3). As reported previously, sensitivity to IP(3) for IP(3)-induced Ca(2+) release in Purkinje cells is low compared with that in other tissues. This could be due to co-expression of CARP with IP(3)R in Purkinje cells and its inhibitory effects on IP(3) binding.