Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of different bone grafts in surgical periodontal therapy with respect to graft uptake and clinical outcomes. METHODS: A randomized, controlled clinical study involving three groups treated with autogenous bone grafts, allografts, and synthetic bone substitutes. Clinical parameters such as probing depth, clinical attachment level, and radiographic bone fill were assessed over 6 months. RESULTS: Autogenous grafts showed superior graft uptake and significant clinical improvement, while synthetic substitutes provided moderate outcomes with logistical advantages. CONCLUSION: Bone graft selection significantly affects clinical outcomes in periodontal therapy. Autogenous grafts remain the gold standard, while synthetic substitutes are viable alternatives in specific scenarios.